The theory of differential association is used frequently lo explain white-collar criminality. Which of the following is NOT one of the assertions or principles of differential association?

• A.Criminal behavior is explained by an individual's general needs and values.
• B.Criminal behavior is acquired through participation with intimate personal groups.
• C.Criminal behavior is learned from other people in a process of communication.
• D.Criminal behavior is learned using the same mechanisms as other learning

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To address an employee's consistent failure to meet deadlines, a manager removes the employee's ability to work from home This is an example of what type of behavioral response?

• A.Positive reinforcement
• B.Negative reinforcement
• C.Punishment
• D.None of the above

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Gray, an independent Certified Fraud Examiner (CFE), was hired by Green, president of the ABC Corporation, to investigate allegations that one of ABC's employees is taking kickbacks. During the investigation. Gray teams that Green is involved in an unrelated fraud. Under the ACFE Code of Professional Ethics. Gray should:

• A.Not disclose the information about Green.
• B.Report Green to law enforcement
• C.Tell the company's board of directors about Green.
• D.Resign from the engagement

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Armando has been tasked with developing policies to help prevent crime by using the threat of criminal sanctions to control the immediate behavior of individuals. Which of the following strategies to control crime is Armando using?

• A.Compliance
• B.Deterrence
• C.Enforcement
• D.Prevention

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During a fraud risk assessment, a focus group would be MOST HELPFUL in which of the following situations?

• A.The assessment team would like to obtain individuals' responses through a formal electronic questionnaire.
• B.The assessment team would like to provide a means for anonymous employee suggestions or responses to questions posed.
• C.The assessment team would like to observe the interactions of several employees discussing the organization's current fraud awareness training.
• D.The assessment team would like to get candid one-on-one feedback from employees in a private setting.

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