Instant Access Amazon.AWS-Certified-Machine-Learning-Specialty.v2024-06-17.q246 Actual Practice Test Engine for Free (Page 6)

Question 21

A data scientist is developing a pipeline to ingest streaming web traffic dat a. The data scientist needs to implement a process to identify unusual web traffic patterns as part of the pipeline. The patterns will be used downstream for alerting and incident response. The data scientist has access to unlabeled historic data to use, if needed.
The solution needs to do the following:
Calculate an anomaly score for each web traffic entry.
Adapt unusual event identification to changing web patterns over time.
Which approach should the data scientist implement to meet these requirements?

A.Use historic web traffic data to train an anomaly detection model using the Amazon SageMaker Random Cut Forest (RCF) built-in model. Use an Amazon Kinesis Data Stream to process the incoming web traffic data. Attach a preprocessing AWS Lambda function to perform data enrichment by calling the RCF model to calculate the anomaly score for each record.
B.Use historic web traffic data to train an anomaly detection model using the Amazon SageMaker built-in XGBoost model. Use an Amazon Kinesis Data Stream to process the incoming web traffic data. Attach a preprocessing AWS Lambda function to perform data enrichment by calling the XGBoost model to calculate the anomaly score for each record.
C.Collect the streaming data using Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose. Map the delivery stream as an input source for Amazon Kinesis Data Analytics. Write a SQL query to run in real time against the streaming data with the k-Nearest Neighbors (kNN) SQL extension to calculate anomaly scores for each record using a tumbling window.
D.Collect the streaming data using Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose. Map the delivery stream as an input source for Amazon Kinesis Data Analytics. Write a SQL query to run in real time against the streaming data with the Amazon Random Cut Forest (RCF) SQL extension to calculate anomaly scores for each record using a sliding window.

Correct Answer: D

Amazon Kinesis Data Analytics is a service that allows users to analyze streaming data in real time using SQL queries. Amazon Random Cut Forest (RCF) is a SQL extension that enables anomaly detection on streaming data. RCF is an unsupervised machine learning algorithm that assigns an anomaly score to each data point based on how different it is from the rest of the data. A sliding window is a type of window that moves along with the data stream, so that the anomaly detection model can adapt to changing patterns over time. A tumbling window is a type of window that has a fixed size and does not overlap with other windows, so that the anomaly detection model is based on a fixed period of time. Therefore, option D is the best approach to meet the requirements of the question, as it uses RCF to calculate anomaly scores for each web traffic entry and uses a sliding window to adapt to changing web patterns over time.
Option A is incorrect because Amazon SageMaker Random Cut Forest (RCF) is a built-in model that can be used to train and deploy anomaly detection models on batch or streaming data, but it requires more steps and resources than using the RCF SQL extension in Amazon Kinesis Data Analytics. Option B is incorrect because Amazon SageMaker XGBoost is a built-in model that can be used for supervised learning tasks such as classification and regression, but not for unsupervised learning tasks such as anomaly detection. Option C is incorrect because k-Nearest Neighbors (kNN) is a SQL extension that can be used for classification and regression tasks on streaming data, but not for anomaly detection. Moreover, using a tumbling window would not allow the anomaly detection model to adapt to changing web patterns over time.
References:
Using CloudWatch anomaly detection
Anomaly Detection With CloudWatch
Performing Real-time Anomaly Detection using AWS
What Is AWS Anomaly Detection? (And Is There A Better Option?)

Question 22

A Mobile Network Operator is building an analytics platform to analyze and optimize a company's operations using Amazon Athena and Amazon S3.
The source systems send data in .CSV format in real time. The Data Engineering team wants to transform the data to the Apache Parquet format before storing it on Amazon S3.
Which solution takes the LEAST effort to implement?

A.Ingest .CSV data using Apache Spark Structured Streaming in an Amazon EMR cluster and use Apache Spark to convert data into Parquet.
B.Ingest .CSV data from Amazon Kinesis Data Streams and use Amazon Glue to convert data into Parquet.
C.Ingest .CSV data using Apache Kafka Streams on Amazon EC2 instances and use Kafka Connect S3 to serialize data as Parquet
D.Ingest .CSV data from Amazon Kinesis Data Streams and use Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose to convert data into Parquet.

Question 23

A company wants to classify user behavior as either fraudulent or normal. Based on internal research, a Machine Learning Specialist would like to build a binary classifier based on two features: age of account and transaction month. The class distribution for these features is illustrated in the figure provided.

Based on this information, which model would have the HIGHEST recall with respect to the fraudulent class?

A.Single Perceptron with sigmoidal activation function
B.Decision tree
C.Naive Bayesian classifier
D.Linear support vector machine (SVM)

Question 24

An agency collects census information within a country to determine healthcare and social program needs by province and city. The census form collects responses for approximately 500 questions from each citizen Which combination of algorithms would provide the appropriate insights? (Select TWO )

A.The factorization machines (FM) algorithm
B.The Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) algorithm
C.The principal component analysis (PCA) algorithm
D.The k-means algorithm
E.The Random Cut Forest (RCF) algorithm

Correct Answer: C,D

Explanation
The agency wants to analyze the census data for population segmentation, which is a type of unsupervised learning problem that aims to group similar data points together based on their attributes.
The agency can use a combination of algorithms that can perform dimensionality reduction and clustering on the data to achieve this goal.
Dimensionality reduction is a technique that reduces the number of features or variables in a dataset while preserving the essential information and relationships. Dimensionality reduction can help improve the efficiency and performance of clustering algorithms, as well as facilitate data visualization and interpretation. One of the most common algorithms for dimensionality reduction is principal component analysis (PCA), which transforms the original features into a new set of orthogonal features called principal components that capture the maximum variance in the data. PCA can help reduce the noise and redundancy in the data and reveal the underlying structure and patterns.
Clustering is a technique that partitions the data into groups or clusters based on their similarity or distance. Clustering can help discover the natural segments or categories in the data and understand their characteristics and differences. One of the most popular algorithms for clustering is k-means, which assigns each data point to one of k clusters based on the nearest mean or centroid. K-means can handle large and high-dimensional datasets and produce compact and spherical clusters.
Therefore, the combination of algorithms that would provide the appropriate insights for population segmentation are PCA and k-means. The agency can use PCA to reduce the dimensionality of the census data from 500 features to a smaller number of principal components that capture most of the variation in the data. Then, the agency can use k-means to cluster the data based on the principal components and identify the segments of the population that share similar characteristics.
References:
Amazon SageMaker Principal Component Analysis (PCA)
Amazon SageMaker K-Means Algorithm

Question 25

A financial services company wants to automate its loan approval process by building a machine learning (ML) model. Each loan data point contains credit history from a third-party data source and demographic information about the customer. Each loan approval prediction must come with a report that contains an explanation for why the customer was approved for a loan or was denied for a loan. The company will use Amazon SageMaker to build the model.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST development effort?

A.Use SageMaker Model Debugger to automatically debug the predictions, generate the explanation, and attach the explanation report.
B.Use AWS Lambda to provide feature importance and partial dependence plots. Use the plots to generate and attach the explanation report.
C.Use SageMaker Clarify to generate the explanation report. Attach the report to the predicted results.
D.Use custom Amazon Cloud Watch metrics to generate the explanation report. Attach the report to the predicted results.

Question 21

Question 22

Question 23

Question 24

Question 25

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