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Question 6

When creating a policy, an error was thrown:

Which statement describes the fix for this issue?

A.Replace write with create in the capabilities list
B.You cannot have a wildcard (" * ") in the path
C.sudo is not a capability

Question 7

An Active Directory admin created a service account for an internal application. You want to store these credentials in Vault, allowing a CI/CD pipeline to read and configure the application with them during provisioning. Vault should maintain the last 3 versions of this secret. Which Vault secrets engine should you use?

A.The KV secrets engine
B.The LDAP secrets engine
C.The Identity secrets engine
D.The KV v2 secrets engine

Question 8

A web application uses Vault's transit secrets engine to encrypt data in-transit. If an attacker intercepts the data in transit which of the following statements are true? Choose two correct answers.

A.You can rotate the encryption key so that the attacker won't be able to decrypt the data
B.The keys can be rotated and min_decryption_version moved forward to ensure this data cannot be decrypted
C.The Vault administrator would need to seal the Vault server immediately
D.Even if the attacker was able to access the raw data, they would only have encrypted bits (TLS in transit)

Correct Answer: B,D

A web application that uses Vault's transit secrets engine to encrypt data in-transit can benefit from the following security features:
* Even if the attacker was able to access the raw data, they would only have encrypted bits (TLS in transit). This means that the attacker would need to obtain the encryption key from Vault in order to decrypt the data, which is protected by Vault's authentication and authorization mechanisms. The transit secrets engine does not store the data sent to it, so the attacker cannot access the data from Vault either.
* The keys can be rotated and min_decryption_version moved forward to ensure this data cannot be decrypted. This means that the web application can periodically change the encryption key used to encrypt the data, and set a minimum decryption version for the key, which prevents older versions of the key from being used to decrypt the data. This way, even if the attacker somehow obtained an old version of the key, they would not be able to decrypt the data that was encrypted with a newer version of the key.
The other statements are not true, because:
* You cannot rotate the encryption key so that the attacker won't be able to decrypt the data. Rotating the key alone does not prevent the attacker from decrypting the data, as they may still have access to the old version of the key that was used to encrypt the data. You need to also move the min_decryption_version forward to invalidate the old version of the key.
* The Vault administrator would not need to seal the Vault server immediately. Sealing the Vault server would make it inaccessible to both the attacker and the legitimate users, and would require unsealing it with the unseal keys or the recovery keys. Sealing the Vault server is a last resort option in case of a severe compromise or emergency, and is not necessary in this scenario, as the attacker does not have access to the encryption key or the data in Vault. References: Transit - Secrets Engines | Vault | HashiCorp Developer, Encryption as a service: transit secrets engine | Vault | HashiCorp Developer

Question 9

When using the Vault Secrets Operator, where is the secret written to after being retrieved from Vault?

A.The secret is never written to any service or persistent storage
B.Directly to the filesystem of the pod
C.Kubernetes Secrets
D.To the cloud-provider's native secret manager (Azure Key Vault, AWS Secrets Manager, etc.)

Question 10

What does the following policy do?

A.Grants access for each user to a KV folder which shares their id
B.Grants access to a special system entity folder
C.Allows a user to read data about the secret endpoint identity
D.Nothing, this is not a valid policy