Which of the following would NOT violate the Due Diligence concept?
Correct Answer: D
Explanation/Reference: To be effective a patch management program must be in place (due diligence) and detailed procedures would specify how and when the patches are applied properly (Due Care). Remember, the question asked for NOT a violation of Due Diligence, in this case, applying patches demonstrates due care and the patch management process in place demonstrates due diligence. Due diligence is the act of investigating and understanding the risks the company faces. A company practices by developing and implementing security policies, procedures, and standards. Detecting risks would be based on standards such as ISO 2700, Best Practices, and other published standards such as NIST standards for example. Due Diligence is understanding the current threats and risks. Due diligence is practiced by activities that make sure that the protection mechanisms are continually maintained and operational where risks are constantly being evaluated and reviewed. The security policy being outdated would be an example of violating the due diligence concept. Due Care is implementing countermeasures to provide protection from those threats. Due care is when the necessary steps to help protect the company and its resources from possible risks that have been identifed. If the information owner does not lay out the foundation of data protection (doing something about it) and ensure that the directives are being enforced (actually being done and kept at an acceptable level), this would violate the due care concept. If a company does not practice due care and due diligence pertaining to the security of its assets, it can be legally charged with negligence and held accountable for any ramifications of that negligence. Liability is usually established based on Due Diligence and Due Care or the lack of either. A good way to remember this is using the first letter of both words within Due Diligence (DD) and Due Care (DC). Due Diligence = Due Detect Steps you take to identify risks based on best practices and standards. Due Care = Due Correct. Action you take to bring the risk level down to an acceptable level and maintaining that level over time. The Following answer were wrong: Security policy being outdated: While having and enforcing a security policy is the right thing to do (due care), if it is outdated, you are not doing it the right way (due diligence). This questions violates due diligence and not due care. Data owners not laying out the foundation for data protection: Data owners are not recognizing the "right thing" to do. They don't have a security policy. Network administrator not taking mandatory two week vacation: The two week vacation is the "right thing" to do, but not taking the vacation violates due diligence (not doing the right thing the right way) Reference(s) used for this question Shon Harris, CISSP All In One, Version 5, Chapter 3, pg 110
Question 578
Which of the following is addressed by Kerberos?
Correct Answer: A
Kerberos addresses the confidentiality and integrity of information. It also addresses primarily authentication but does not directly address availability. Reference(s) used for this question: KRUTZ, Ronald L. & VINES, Russel D., The CISSP Prep Guide: Mastering the Ten Domains of Computer Security, 2001, John Wiley & Sons, Page 42. and https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4120.txt and http://learn-networking.com/network-security/how-kerberos-authentication-works
Question 579
In the context of Biometric authentication, what is a quick way to compare the accuracy of devices. In general, the device that have the lowest value would be the most accurate. Which of the following would be used to compare accuracy of devices?
Correct Answer: A
equal error rate or crossover error rate (EER or CER): the rate at which both accept and reject errors are equal. The value of the EER can be easily obtained from the ROC curve. The EER is a quick way to compare the accuracy of devices with different ROC curves. In general, the device with the lowest EER is most accurate. In the context of Biometric Authentication almost all types of detection permit a system's sensitivity to be increased or decreased during an inspection process. If the system's sensitivity is increased, such as in an airport metal detector, the system becomes increasingly selective and has a higher False Reject Rate (FRR). Conversely, if the sensitivity is decreased, the False Acceptance Rate (FAR) will increase. Thus, to have a valid measure of the system performance, the CrossOver Error Rate (CER) is used. The following are used as performance metrics for biometric systems: false accept rate or false match rate (FAR or FMR): the probability that the system incorrectly matches the input pattern to a non-matching template in the database. It measures the percent of invalid inputs which are incorrectly accepted. In case of similarity scale, if the person is imposter in real, but the matching score is higher than the threshold, then he is treated as genuine that increase the FAR and hence performance also depends upon the selection of threshold value. false reject rate or false non-match rate (FRR or FNMR): the probability that the system fails to detect a match between the input pattern and a matching template in the database. It measures the percent of valid inputs which are incorrectly rejected. failure to enroll rate (FTE or FER): the rate at which attempts to create a template from an input is unsuccessful. This is most commonly caused by low quality inputs. failure to capture rate (FTC): Within automatic systems, the probability that the system fails to detect a biometric input when presented correctly. template capacity: the maximum number of sets of data which can be stored in the system. Reference(s) used for this question: KRUTZ, Ronald L. & VINES, Russel D., The CISSP Prep Guide: Mastering the Ten Domains of Computer Security, 2001, John Wiley & Sons, Page 37. and Wikipedia at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biometrics
Question 580
Which layer of the OSI model handles encryption?
Correct Answer: D
Question 581
Which of the following questions is less likely to help in assessing physical access controls?
Correct Answer: B
Section: Access Control Explanation/Reference: Physical security and environmental security are part of operational controls, and are measures taken to protect systems, buildings, and related supporting infrastructures against threats associated with their physical environment. All the questions above are useful in assessing physical access controls except for the one regarding operating system configuration, which is a logical access control. Source: SWANSON, Marianne, NIST Special Publication 800-26, Security Self-Assessment Guide for Information Technology Systems, November 2001 (Pages A-21 to A-24).
