A 66-year-old female client has smoked 2 packs of cigarettes per day for 20 years. Her arterial blood gases on room air are as follows: pH 7.35; PO2 70 mm Hg; PCO2 55 mm Hg; HCO3 32 mEq/L. These blood gases reflect:

• A.Compensated metabolic acidosis
• B.Compensated respiratory acidosis
• C.Compensated respiratory alkalosis
• D.Uncompensated respiratory acidosis

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Parents of children receiving chemotherapy should be warned that alopecia is a side effect and that:

• A.Children seldom show concern about losing their hair
• B.The hair will come out gradually, and the loss will not be noticeable for some time
• C.It is best for girls to choose a wig similar to their hair style and color before the hair falls out
• D.The parents will soon get used to seeing their children without hair, and it will no longer bother them

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A 14-year-old teenager is demonstrating behavior indicative of an obsessive-compulsive disorder. She is obsessed with her appearance. She will not leave her room until her hair, clothes, and makeup are perfect.
She always dresses immaculately. Recently, she expressed disgust over her appearance after she gained
5 lb. After observing a marked weight loss over a 2-week period, her mother suspects that she is experiencing bulimia. She eats everything on her plate, then runs to the bathroom. In interviewing the teenager, she discusses in great detail all of the events leading to her bulimia, but not her feelings. What defense mechanism is she using?

• A.Dissociation
• B.Intellectualization
• C.Rationalization
• D.Displacement

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The nurse who is caring for a client with pneumonia assesses that the client has become increasingly irritable and restless. The nurse realizes that this is a result of:

• A.Prolonged bed rest
• B.The client's maintaining a semi-Fowler position
• C.Cerebral hypoxia
• D.IV fluids of 2.5-3 liters in 24 hours

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A 74-year-old client seen in the emergency room is exhibiting signs of delirium. His family states that he has not slept, eaten, or taken fluids for the past 24 hours. The planning of nursing care for a delirious client is based on which of the following premises?

• A.The delirious client is capable of returning to his previous level of functioning.
• B.The delirious client is incapable of returning to his previous level of functioning.
• C.Delirium entails progressive intellectual and behavioral deterioration.
• D.Delirium is an insidious process.

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